Mbega waruzi ko utohirahira ngo ushimane n’icabona ca Yehova utari mw’iryo dini? Ni igiki kiranga Ivyabona vya Yehova mu mico n’imigenzo yabo kikabatandukanya n’abemera b’ayandi mashengero? Aberanda bo mw’ijuru ni 144000 vy’ukuri? Ukaba wipfuza inyishu y’ivyo bibazo n’ibindi woba wibaza kuri iryo shengero, kaze mw’ido n’ido ry’ino nkuru twabateguriye.
Amamuko y’iryo shengero
Ishengero ry’Ivyabona vya Yehova (#Témoins de Jéhovah) ryamuka mu vyiyumviro vya William Miller mu kinjana ca 19. Inyuma y’aho ivyo yabuye vyerekeye igaruka rya Yesu Kristo kw’igenekerezo rya 22 Gitugutu 1844 bitarangutse, mu bayoboke biwe harabayemwo imigwi y’abemera itatu. Umwe muri iyo migwi wabaye uw’abadventistes b’umusi w’indwi (twarabayagiye ivyabo mu nkuru iri hano https://ki.nagaciro.com/uko-ishengero-ryabadiva-canke-abasabato-ryatanguye-kwisi-hamwe-no-mu-burundi/), hariho n’uwundi w’abiswe #Étudiants de la Bible (abigishwa Bibiliya) ari nawo wavuyemwo abo twita “Ivyabona vya Yehova”(témoins de Jéhovah).
Neza na neza mu myaka y’1870 niho umunyamerika yitwa Charles Taze Russell yakoranya abari bafise ivyiyumviro vy’#abadventistes bakura kuri William Miller bagahurikira hamwe ngo banonosore ivyigwa vya Bibliya maze bashobore gusigura Bibliya canecane ubuhanuzi dusangamwo mu bitabu bibura umuzo wa kabiri wa Yesu Kristo/Yezu Kristu. Hari kugira bategere ico imburi ya William Miller yasigura n’ico bokwitega mu vy’ukuri.
Charles Taze Russell yabatoreye izina “Abigishwa Bibliya” (Étudiants de la Bible). Kumwe n’abayoboke b’ishure ryiwe, Charles Russell yashitse ku cemezo c’uko igaruka rya Yesu/Yezu rizoba mu mwaka wa 1874 maze atangure kuganza mu bwami bwiwe muri 1878 atsinze intambara ya Harmagedoni (Ivyahishuwe 16,16) ihuza inteko z’ijuru n’iza Shetani. Ntivyatevye iryo garuka rya Kristo ntiryabaye nya gihe, niho rero abo banyeshure ba Bibliya baca basigura ko Kristo yagarutse mu buryo bw’umutima butaboneka (retour spirituel non visible). Baca batangura guharura ikiringo c’inganji yiwe (millénium=imyaka igihumbi) guhera iyo tariki ya 1874.
Charles Russell ntiyigeze areka kwibutsa abiwe ko boguma bihambirira ku gusoma no gusobanura Bibliya. Mu mwaka wa 1879 niho yatangura gusohoza ikinyamakuru “La Tour de Garde” (#WatchTower) kugira yigishe ivyiyumviro bari bagezeko. Ico kinyamakuru nico cigisha ukwemera kw’Ivyabona vya Yehova gushika ubu kandi babwirizwa kugendera ku ntumbero abacandika baba batanze mw’ishengero.
Charles Russell yarongoye umugwi w’abigishwa Bibliya kuva utanguye gushika apfe muri 1916. Yasubiriwe n’uwitwa James Rutherford ariwe yahaye indinganizo nshasha umugwi wabo mbere awutorera izina ryawo “Témoins de Jéhovah” mu 1931. Ivyo yabikoze kuko inyuma y’urupfu rwa Russell abamukurikira baragize amatati akomeye ku vyerekeye ukwemera kwabo (divergences doctrinales), bica bituma batandukana. Abagumanye na Rutherford yaciye abita “ivyabona vya Yehova”. Abandi baca babandanya inzira zabo ukwabo.
Icicaro cabo gikuru kiri i New York muri Reta zunze ubumwe za Amerika ahasanzwe hakorera ishirahamwe WatchTower Society kandi bagatwarwa n’ico bita “Collège central” iyigaba kw’isi.
Ivyabona vya Yehova bemera iki?
Ivyabona vya Yehova ni ishengero ryiyitirira abakristu naho ukwemera kwabo gutandukanye muri vyinshi n’ivyo abakristu/abakristo ba kera (christianisme traditionnel) bemera.
Basigura Ivyanditswe vyeranda vyo mu Bwuzure bwa kera n’ivyo mu Bwuzure bushasha mu buryo bw’urudome ku rundi (interprétation littérale de la Bible) ariko kuva mu 1950 bafise ico twita #traduction yabo ya Bibliya ariyo “Traduction du Monde Nouveau”. Iyo yakozwe n’umugwi utagiye ahabona washinzwe n’abarongozi ba WatchTower Society (ishirahamwe risanzwe ribarongoye kw’isi) kandi niyo yonyene yemewe mw’idini ry’Ivyabona vya Yehova. Ikiranga iyo mpinyanyuro ya Bibiliya ni ukuntu ishira ahari izina ry’Imana hose ijambo Yehova, iryo jambo rigaseruka no mu bitabu vy’Ubwuzure Bushasha kandi mu ndimi z’akame bwanditswemwo indome zine #tétragramme zivuga izina ry’Imana (YHWH) zitarimwo.
Abayehova rero bemera ko “Yehova” ariryo zina ry’uruharo ry’Imana. Nta rindi jambo bakoresha mu kuvuga Imana atari iryo.
Ikindi bemera kibatandukanya n’ayandi mashengero y’abakristu ni ukwemera ko Imana ari imwe rudende ariko ntabwo iri mu baperesona batatu. Murumva ko bahakana Ubutatu Bweranda kuko kubwabo nta cemezo muri Bibliya iyo ngingo ya #Trinité ifise. Gutyo mu kwemera kwabo Yesu ni Umwana w’Imana n’umukiza w’abantu ariko si Imana nka Se ariwe Yehova. Yararemwe imbere y’ibindi biremwa vyose ariko ntangana n’Imana. Mutima mweranda (Mpwemu yera) si Imana ahubwo bemera ko ari ububasha bw’Imana (puissance de Dieu).
Ibatisimu iwabo itangwa kw’izina rya Yesu/Yezu kandi ihabwa umuntu akuze aba yarigishijwe akiyemerera kubatizwa mu kudimbikwa wese mu mazi.
Ivyabona vya Yehova bemera kandi ko ishengero ryabo ariryo dini ry’ukuri (vraie religion). Kubw’abanywanyi baryo ayandi madini yose, canecane irya Gatorika bita Babiloni nkuru, ni ayagizwe n’abantu, yataye umurongo w’abayobokera Imana. Bigisha ko ari bo gusa batoranijwe na Yehova mbere ko ata bandi bo mu yandi madini bazobona ijuru.
Ikigira kane twobabwira kiranga imigenzo yabo ni ukudakoresha umusalaba n’ayandi masanamu mu bisabisho vyabo. Ku cerekeye umusalaba, benshi baribaza ingene biyita abakristu ariko ntibawemere kandi bimenyerewe ko ariwo waranze abakristu kuva mu ntango z’Ekleziya. Inyishu batanga ngo nuko bitanditswe muri Bibiliya ko Yesu/Yezu yabambwe ku musalaba ahubwo iwabo bigisha ko bamumanitse ku giti gisanzwe (simple poteau). Umusalaba usa n’uwugizwe n’ibiti bibiri rero niko kuwuhakana. N’ishusho bamwerekana amanitswe Yezu aboneka abohewe amaboko hejuru y’umutwe atayaramvuye nko ku nshushanyo tumenyereye kubona mu masengero yandi.
Barigisha kandi igaruka rya Kristo vuba n’ubwo amatariki bagumye baritangira atigeze ahura n’uko bavyiteze. Mu gihe William Miller amaze kubona ibibaye (canke ibitabaye) muri 1844 atasubiriye gutanga isango ry’igaruka rya Yesu Kristo, abigishwa Bibiliya aribo bahindutse Ivyabona vya Yehova ntibaretse kuza barabura imyaka azogarukira (1874, 1878, 1914, 1918, 1925, 1975, 1978). Iyo myaka aba Témoins baguma biteze vya bimenyetso bizoranga imisi ya nyuma. Inyigisho y’abo y’ubu ivuga ko Yesu/Yezu yagarutse muri 1914 (aho hatangura intambara ya mbere y’isi yose) ari naho bahera mu guharura imyaka igihumbi y’inganji yiwe mu bwami bw’ijuru (#millénium).
Abayehova bemera ko abagororotsi (aberanda) bangana ibihumbi ijana na mirongo ine na bine (144000) aribo bonyene bazogira amahirwe yo kuja mw’ijuru inyuma y’izuka ry’abapfuye ngo baganze kumwe na Yesu Kristo. Abandi bagororotsi b’ivyabona vya Yehova batari mw’ico gitigiri bazozukira ubuzima budahera bazobamwo mw’isi nshasha isa n’iparadizo (terre paradisiaque).
Ingingo tutokwibagira kuvuga mu kwemera kwabo ni iyerekeye umuryango. Aba Témoins bemera ko Imana yashinze ko ubugeni buhuza umugabo umwe n’umugore umwe kandi ko icobahukanisha ari imvo imwe nsa: kurangura imibonano mpuzabitsina n’uwo mutubakanye.
Turangize tubamenyesha ko mu migenzo yabo kizira kugiriranira imigenderanire n’abo badasangiye ishengero ku buryo nko muvyo kwubakana umuntu ashobora kwirukanwa mu rushengero (#excommunication) kubera yakundanye n’uwo badasenga hamwe, bariyamiriza kunywa itabi n’ibindi biyayuramutwe, kurenza urugero mu kunywa inzoga, ntibarwana mu ntambara kandi ntibiyamamaza muvya poritike, ntibakunze gukoresha imbuga hwaniro (réseaux sociaux), baririnda cane gushavuza Imana mu gutanga amaraso. Bagira amakoraniro yabo ku musi w’Imana be no hagati mu ndwi kugira bigishanye bongere basomere hamwe Bibliya mu mazu yitwa “ingoro y’Ubwami”. Ntibagira amashure menshi maremare mu vyigwa bitari ivy’idini (#études profanes) ahubwo bihatira kunonosora ibiba vyanditswe muri “La Tour de Garde”. Umu témoin wese aho ari arahamagariwe kugenda kwigisha abandi bataremera ukuri kwabo ngo bisubireko binjire mw’ishengero rya Yehova (#prosélytisme), ivyo akabikora mu guca ku nzu ku nzu kandi agatanga n’icegeranyo c’ico gikorwa.
Ntibahimbaza imisi mikuru y’idini (#fêtes religieuses) nka Noëli na Pasika, amasabukuru yaba ay’amavuko canke ay’ukwikukira kw’ibihugu. Umusi mukuru wonyene bahimbaza ni uwo bita “icibutso c’urupfu rwa Kristo” (Mémorial de la mort du Christ). Abigishwa Bibliya bahimbaje ubwa nyuma Noëli mu 1926, inyuma zaho baca batangura kwigisha ko uwo musi ufise amamuko mu bapagani.
Kugeza ubu iryo shengero rifise abanywanyi barenga imiriyoni umunani bakwiragiye mu bihugu vyo ku migabane yose y’isi, n’ino mu gihugu cacu c’Uburundi.
